Comparison of limb kinematics between collected and lengthened (medium/extended) trot in two groups of dressage horses on two different surfaces          下载免费PDF全文

V. A. Walker  C. A. Tranquille  J. R. Newton  S. J. Dyson  J. Brandham  A. J. Northrop  R. C. Murray 《Equine veterinary journal》2017,49(5):673-680

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Analysis of host plant resistance to multiple Fusarium species associated with stalk rot disease in sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]     

Tesfaye T. Tesso  Newton Ochanda  Christopher R. Little  Larry Claflin  Mitchell R. Tuinstra 《Field Crops Research》2010

Fusarium spp. is among the largest and most important pathogen groups that attack major grain crops including sorghum. The objectives of this study were to compare the virulence of Fusarium spp. associated with sorghum and examine the mode of resistance of genotypes to the disease. Eight Fusarium species – F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, F. andiyazi, F. proliferatum, F. nyagamai, F. pseudoanthophilum, F. brevicatenulatum, and F. pseudonygamai – were studied using three sorghum genotypes under greenhouse condition. Three of these pathogens (F. verticillioides, F. thapsinum, and F. andiyazi) were selected for genetic analysis of resistance under field conditions. Sorghum genotypes with contrasting stalk rot reactions were selected for use in both the greenhouse and field experiments. Two weeks after flowering, plants were inoculated with liquid inoculum culture (5 × 10⁴ conidia ml⁻¹) of the different pathogens. Plants were harvested 4 weeks after inoculation and rated for disease severity on the basis of lesion length and number of nodes crossed by the lesion. Among the pathogens, F. thapsinum resulted in consistently higher disease scores in all genotypes under all environments. Likewise, genotype SC599 showed the greatest and most stable resistance as inbred as well as in hybrid combinations as shown by consistently high GCA for resistance to all pathogen species. We recommend that future screening exercises for Fusarium stalk rot resistance utilize F. thapsinum as the causal organism and include the resistant genotype SC599 as a control.  相似文献   

Improving antemortem diagnosis of equine grass sickness     

Ireland JL  Newton JR 《The Veterinary record》2011,168(10):261-262

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Isolation and characterisation of equine influenza viruses (H3N8) from Europe and North America from 2008 to 2009     

Neil A. Bryant  Adam S. Rash  Alana L. Woodward  Elizabeth Medcalf  Maud Helwegen  Franziska Wohlfender  Fatima Cruz  Claudia Herrmann  Kerstin Borchers  Ashish Tiwari  Thomas M. Chambers  J. Richard Newton  Jennifer A. Mumford  Debra M. Elton 《Veterinary microbiology》2011,147(1-2):19-27

Like other influenza A viruses, equine influenza virus undergoes antigenic drift. It is therefore essential that surveillance is carried out to ensure that recommended strains for inclusion in vaccines are kept up to date. Here we report antigenic and genetic characterisation carried out on equine influenza virus strains isolated in North America and Europe over a 2-year period from 2008 to 2009. Nasopharyngeal swabs were taken from equines showing acute clinical signs and submitted to diagnostic laboratories for testing and virus isolation in eggs. The sequence of the HA1 portion of the viral haemagglutinin was determined for each strain. Where possible, sequence was determined directly from swab material as well as from virus isolated in eggs. In Europe, 20 viruses were isolated from 15 sporadic outbreaks and 5 viruses were isolated from North America. All of the European and North American viruses were characterised as members of the Florida sublineage, with similarity to A/eq/Lincolnshire/1/07 (clade 1) or A/eq/Richmond/1/07 (clade 2). Antigenic characterisation by haemagglutination inhibition assay indicated that the two clades could be readily distinguished and there were also at least seven amino acid differences between them. The selection of vaccine strains for 2010 by the expert surveillance panel have taken these differences into account and it is now recommended that representatives of both Florida clade 1 and clade 2 are included in vaccines.  相似文献   

Equine viral arteritis (EVA): A potential trapdoor for the practicing veterinary surgeon in the United Kingdom     

J. R. Crabtree  J. R. Newton 《Equine Veterinary Education》2020,32(7):378-385

Equine viral arteritis (EVA) is a notifiable disease in the UK with potentially serious consequences for horse owners and breeders. Legislation exists under ‘The Equine Viral Arteritis Order 1995’ to protect the UK from this contagious equine disease. The UK is at risk of introduction of EVA through importation of infected horses or semen. There is however much misunderstanding regarding the importance of EVA and occasionally misinterpretation, specifically on how to protect and manage stallions with vaccination. Issues with changing vaccine datasheet recommendations and vaccine availability have resulted in stallions being inappropriately vaccinated or vaccinations lapsing. This article is aimed at the practicing veterinary surgeon, to update them as to the current status of EVA vaccination and disease screening in horses in the UK and how to avoid some common pitfalls.  相似文献   

Brucellosis associated with stillbirth in a bottlenose dolphin in Australia     

JT Mackie  D Blyde  L Harris  WD Roe  AL Keyburn 《Australian veterinary journal》2020,98(3):92-95

A captive adult female bottlenose dolphin presented with stillbirth. The placenta appeared oedematous. No other gross lesions were evident in the placenta or the stillborn calf. Histopathology revealed mild multifocal placentitis and foetal encephalitis. Brucella sp. was isolated from lung, liver, spleen and kidney. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis demonstrated this organism to be most similar to Brucella ceti sequence type (ST) 27. Brucella sp. DNA was detected in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded placenta and brain by real-time PCR using primers targeting the IS711 gene. Immunohistochemical staining revealed Brucella sp. antigen in placental inflammation. This is the first report of isolation of Brucella sp. from a marine mammal in the Southern Hemisphere and the first report of marine Brucella-associated disease in Australia.  相似文献   

The influence of NH4 +‐N vs. NO3 ‐‐n nutrition on root reductant release by fe‐stressed sorghum 1     

D.B. McKenzie  L.R. Hossner  R.J. Newton 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1289-1301

The effect of NH₄ ⁺ ‐N on root reduction capacity developed during Fe stress was investigated in plants grown in a CaCO₃ buffered nutrient solution. After a 3‐day period of Fe stress, reduction capacity was not increased by the presence of NH₄ ⁺ ‐N in the growth medium or in the extracting solution. Since reductant degradation over time was pH dependent, experiments measuring root reductant release into nutrient solution would be confounded by treatments with different solution pH values. In an unbuffered nutrient solution a differential NH₄ ⁺ uptake due to the cultivar would affect solution pH and interfere with a reliable interpretation of reductant measurements.  相似文献   

Root reductant release as a measure of sorghum cultivar iron efficiency     

D.B. McKenzie  L.R. Hossner  R.J. Newton 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):847-857

Measurement of root reductant levels developed during plant Fe stress was tested as a possible assay for sorghum cultivar Fe‐efficiency screening. Iron‐stressed sorghum was shown to release reductants into CaCO₃ buffered nutrient solution; however, considerably more plants could be tested by extracting reductants from excised roots of Fe‐stressed sorghum in 35 ml of pH 3 nutrient solution and 1 mM glucose. An Fe‐efficient cultivar, RT×2536, and an Fe‐inefficient cultivar, BT×378, could be separated by measurement of reductants released into CaCO₃ buffered nutrient solution and by an excised root extraction method; however, neither method was as effective as visual rating methods.  相似文献   

Monona: A new variety of potato,distinctive for excellent chip color after numerous storage treatments     

F. J. Stevenson  R. V. Akeley  George Newton  Donald Isleib 《American Journal of Potato Research》1965,42(9):253-255

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Phage Therapy and Photodynamic Therapy: Low Environmental Impact Approaches to Inactivate Microorganisms in Fish Farming Plants     

Adelaide Almeida  ?ngela Cunha  Newton C.M. Gomes  Eliana Alves  Liliana Costa  Maria A.F. Faustino 《Marine drugs》2009,7(3):268-313

Owing to the increasing importance of aquaculture to compensate for the progressive worldwide reduction of natural fish and to the fact that several fish farming plants often suffer from heavy financial losses due to the development of infections caused by microbial pathogens, including multidrug resistant bacteria, more environmentally-friendly strategies to control fish infections are urgently needed to make the aquaculture industry more sustainable. The aim of this review is to briefly present the typical fish farming diseases and their threats and discuss the present state of chemotherapy to inactivate microorganisms in fish farming plants as well as to examine the new environmentally friendly approaches to control fish infection namely phage therapy and photodynamic antimicrobial therapy.  相似文献